Key Takeaways
- Evidence-based clinical protocols for measurable recovery outcomes
- Specialist-reviewed by Dr. Karolin Rockson, PT (BPT, Ex. CMC Vellore)
- Aligned with NICE, WHO, and current peer-reviewed guidelines
- Practical guidance for balance disorders patients and caregivers
The Multi-System Nature of Balance
Balance is maintained by three sensory systems working together: vestibular (inner ear detects head movement and gravity), visual (eyes provide environmental orientation), and somatosensory/proprioceptive (joints and muscles detect position). Failure of any system causes imbalance.
Causes of Balance Disorders
Vestibular causes: BPPV, vestibular neuritis, Menière's disease, acoustic neuroma. Neurological causes: stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, peripheral neuropathy. Musculoskeletal causes: lower limb weakness, hip and ankle dysfunction. Multisystem causes: aging, polypharmacy.
Clinical Balance Assessment
Berg Balance Scale, Dynamic Gait Index, computerized posturography, Romberg test with eyes open/closed, and vestibular-specific tests (Dix-Hallpike, Head Impulse Test) guide diagnosis and treatment planning.
Physiotherapy Treatment Approach
Balance rehabilitation targets the specific deficit: vestibular exercises for inner ear dysfunction, proprioceptive training for somatosensory deficits, strength training for musculoskeletal causes, and combined sensory conflict training for multisystem disorders.
Topical Pathways
Navigate the full topical graph for this blog. Every link below is a clinically validated destination, organized by relevance and depth.
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